浅谈路桥设计构思的一体化

提高公路的舒适性需要进行路桥一体化设计,减少、甚至消除路桥过渡段沉降速度不一致导致的问题,提高路桥可靠性和安全性。     

基于DCS系统的旁路及旁路控制系统技术升级设计及应用

针对苏尔寿系列PLC控制系统触摸屏近年来长期使用已多次出现问题,产品已经停产,且触摸屏故障频繁,无法更换。同时控制系统触摸屏软件组态繁琐,且无历史趋势等难题,以神华某电厂1号机组的旁路及旁路控制系统系统技术改造为背景,采用OVATION控制系统,将原旁路控制系统移入DCS系统,双冗余CPU控制、搭建与建设整个流程实现了设备的最优更换,优化控制策略。该技术成功应用于神华某电厂,保证了机组的期稳定运行,提高了机组控制系统智能化水平,降低了维修强度,具有较好的技术经济性。     

道路桥梁过渡段软基路基路面施工的质量控制

本文结合实际分析了道路桥梁过渡段软基路基路面压实施工技术应用过程中存在的问题,并在此基础上完善了施工质量的措施,提出了加强施工路面检测的方法。     

LDPC码的树图法构造

LDPC码译码采用的是BP算法,但由于回路的存在,使译码重复迭代,特别是短长度的回路使LDPC码的性能下降.为此,用树图法分析了LDPC码的回路及其特性,给出了求解回路长度和所经过节点的方法,非常适合于计算机进行求解.同时也用树图的方法来构造LDPC码,可以在树生成的过程中了解其中的回路数目及长度.     

The evolution of world trade from 1995 to 2014: A network approach

This paper employs network analysis to study world trade from 1995 to 2014. We focus on the main connective features of the world trade network (WTN) and their dynamics. Results suggest that countries’ efforts to attain the benefits of trade have resulted in an intertwined network that is increasingly dense, reciprocal, and clustered. However, these features do not correspond to a linear aggregation of the characteristics of its constituents (trade sectors). Trade linkages are distributed homogeneously among countries, but their intensity (i.e. their value) is highly concentrated in a small set of countries. The main connective features of the WTN were not affected by the 2007–2008 international financial crisis. However, we find that the crisis marks a turning point in the evolution of the WTN from a two-group (led by the US and Germany) to a three-group (led by the US, Germany, and China) hierarchical structure.     

Road safety determinants in low and middle income countries

The objective of this article is to summarize and review the literature on the determinants of road traffic injuries and fatalities, to identify the relevant research gaps in particular for low and middle income countries. We also present a cross-country analysis of the determinants of road traffic injuries and fatalities that take into account a wide range of potential environmental, economic and social factors. The present study focused on differences based on the level of development. The goal was to identify relevant commonalities that may assist in the creation of road safety policies common to countries at a similar level of development. The countries were divided according to the level of gross national income per capita, and these income-level groups were the primary units of interest. The results presented here focus on the differences by income level.     

Gender and age distribution of motorcycle crashes in Spain

This study analysed motorcycle crashes in Spain. Ninety-nine thousand three hundred and four motorcycle crash reports filed in the years 2006–2011 were extracted from the Directorate General of Traffic database of crashes with victims. These data were analysed in terms of gender, age groups, trip purpose, type of crash, speed violation, day of the week, harm caused, use of helmet and psychophysical conditions of the driver to study the characteristics of motorcycle crashes in Spain and to assess the differences between male and female motorcycle drivers in these crashes. Significant differences were found in all the variables considered in the study, which implies gender differences in the profile of the injured motorcycle driver. The severity of motorcycle crashes suffered by male drivers is higher than that of women. These results corroborate the need to develop measures differentiated by gender, based on their profile.     

Design and implementation of the Expanded Public Works Programme: Lessons from the Gundo Lashu labour-intensive programme

This article examines the design and implementation of the Expanded Public Works Programme, drawing from the lessons of the Gundo Lashu programme on labour-intensive construction in the road sector. The aim of the study was to examine major barriers to the design and implementation of the programme. The article is based on the analysis of data that were gathered from the Gundo Lashu programme. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, face-to-face interviews with the project participants as well as reviewing key secondary data from the project documents. The study found that the projects under the Gundo Lashu programme have clearly demonstrated the importance of labour-intensive approaches, especially in the road sector. However, these projects were constrained by a wide range of challenges, ranging from a lack of community participation to poor product quality and inadequate planning for sustainable financing.     

公路路面施工过程中滑膜式摊铺机的应用分析

随着经济不断发展,我国的城市化进程也在不断前进,因此促进交通发展公路建设项目开始不断增加。在公路施工过程里,滑膜摊铺机已经是其中至关重要的设备之一,目前被大量应用。本文主要针对摊铺机的工作原理进行分析,并对其在公路施工中的应用进行探索,希望以此方式,帮助公路建设提高质量和效率。     

基于调查数据的交通运输行业增加值测算方法思考——以公路货运行业为例

增加值是反映经营活动成果和计算国民生产总值的主要指标。测算交通运输行业增加值,可以反映交通运输行业的投入、产出和经济效益情况,为改善交通运输企业生产经营提供依据。文中依托交通运输部组织开展的专项调查资料,结合国家统计局提供的增加值测算方法,以公路货运行业为例,对交通运输行业的增加值测算方法进行了思考。针对不同的调查内容,给出了两种公路货运行业的增加值测算方法,并对两种方法的优缺点进行了对比说明。